Sociology

SOCIOLOGY

Sociology is the scientific or systematic study of society, including patterns of social relations, social stratification, social interaction, and culture. Areas studied in sociology range from the analysis of brief contacts between anonymous individuals on the street to the study of global social interaction. Numerous fields within the discipline concentrate on how and why people are organized in society, either as individuals or as members of associations, groups, and institutions. Sociology is considered a branch of the social sciences.

The two main branches of sociology are Microsociology and Macrosociology. Microsociology concerns itself with the nature of everyday human social interactions on a small scale. Social status and social roles are the most important components of social structure at Microsociology. Microsociology is governed by four forces of social control than Macrosociology. The four forces are socialization, sanctioning, rituals, and social interactions. Socialization is the development of shared symbols, cultural beliefs, and norms. Sanctioning is the process of reading gestures and facial expressions to determine the proper social norms in a given situation. Rituals are behaviors that frame typical social interactions. Social interactions are controlled by the segregation of activities. On the other hand, Macrosociology is a sociological approach that analyzes societies, social systems or populations on a large scale or at a high level of abstraction. Macrosociology is concerned with individuals, families, classes, social problems, and all of the other part and features of a society. Macrosociology can also be the analysis of large collectivities. Microsociology focuses on the individual social activities, while Macrosociology studies society as a whole.

Sociology has five social institutions, and those social institutions are education, government, family, economy, and religion. These institutions help individuals to be a complete individual. All these five are important in people’s lives. Experts officially recognize these five major social institutions that have been evident in some way in every civilization in history.